Моделі та застосування фрактальних антен

Abstract

This thesis examines the principles of antenna operation and the relationship between wavelength and antenna dimensions. Traditional antennas often have limited bandwidth and large size at low frequencies. Fractal antennas based on self-similar geometries (Sierpinski, Koch, and Hilbert curves) allow size reduction while maintaining effective electrical length. The presence of multiple scale elements provides multiband operation in communication systems such as GSM, Wi-Fi, GPS, 5G, and IoT. Due to their compact size and improved efficiency, fractal antennas are promising for modern wireless and satellite communication technologies.