Фізичні основи функціонування лідарних систем у процесах дистанційного зондування та обробки оптичної інформації

Abstract

.The work is devoted to the study of physical processes underlying the operation of modern optical lidar sensors. The text analyzes the principles of distance measurement and the structure of the main components of the system: laser sources and photodetectors. Particular attention is paid to the choice of operating spectral ranges from the perspective of safety for vision and minimizing background interference. The physics of the interaction of light with the environment is considered, in particular the mechanisms of elastic and inelastic scattering. The technological features of semiconductor materials and detector architectures that ensure effective processing of the reflected optical signal in noise conditions are described