Перегляд за автором "Shabanov-Kushnarenko, Yu."

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    Публікація
    Brainlike computing
    (EWDTW, 2005) Shabanov-Kushnarenko, Yu.; Klimushev, V.; Lukashenko, O.; Nabatova, S.; Obrizan, V.; Protsay, N.
    This paper offers mathematical foundation of brainlike computer. New approach to making artificial intelligence is discussed: the human intelligence is considered as some material embodiment of the mechanism of logic. Also hardware efficiency of logic net implementation is shown.Urgency of research is determined by the necessity of design of the parallel computer for significant performance increase in comparison with software implementation on von Neumann architectures. The goal of the research – design of the parallel computer operation by principles of a humane brain and designed on modern element base. To reach the goal it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1) designing the new method of artificial intelligence: the humane intelligence is considered as some material implementation of the mechanism of logic; 2) algebraization of logic; 3) formalization of logic net model; 4) developing logic synthesis procedures for logic net; 5) designing logic net design flow; 6) analysis of hardware implementation efficiency. Quickly progressing computerization and informatization demand constant increase of productivity of electronic computers. However, it is more and more difficult to do it. Reserves of increasing the speed of computing elements of the computer are getting exhausted. There is a way of escalating a number of simultaneously operating elements in the computer processor. Nowadays there is a practical possibility to build computers with the number of elements up to 108, based on successes of microminiaturization and reduction in price of electronic elements and on achievements in the field of automation of design and manufacturing of computers. However, with the present serial computers operation based on the principle of program control by J. von Neumann, it is senseless to do this, as there is only a small number of elements in operation during each period of time in them simultaneously. Attempts of conversion to parallel machines do not provide the expected growth of their productivity. For example, productivity of multiprocessing computers does not grow proportionately to the number of processors available in them as, apparently, it should be, but much slower. There are essential difficulties in attempts of creation of high-efficiency neurocomputers, which are constructed as formal neuron networks. Meanwhile, there is the "computer" created by nature, namely – a human brain for which the problem of high-grade parallelism of information processing is completely solved. Human brain is a slow mover in comparison with the modern computer. Its “clock frequency” can be estimated by throughput of nervous fibers. It is known, that each nervous fiber can pass not more than 103 pulses per a second. Through the conductors of modern computers it can be transferred about 109 pulses per a second. Hence, the computer surpasses a human brain in terms of speed of work of computing elements in 109:103=106 times. And nevertheless, the brain, due to a parallel principle of action, works faster and is capable to solve immeasurably more difficult tasks, than the most powerful modern computers with program control. It is caused by the fact that the human brain incorporates about 1015 computing elements (acted by synapses – interfaces between the ends of nervous fibers), and all of them are operating simultaneously, according to neurophysiology. In serial computers at any moment only the small number of elements operates in parallel.